The basic protection to protect against electricity is isolation. This isolation is achieved by a layer of insulating materials on the wires, cables and, confinement of any electric or electronic circuit in a rigid and dielectric envelope.
To prevent an insulation fault or a short circuit in a device from triggering a serious incident (electrocution or fire), an electrical circuit must be equipped with a manual plus an automatic circuit breaker:
fuse.
circuit breaker
disruptor
disconnector (manual)